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and within the framework of these directions about 400 topics were solved.
The five-
year plan of scientific-research work (1933–1937), based on the in-depth specialization
of production and maximizing the use of productive forces of individual natural and
climatic zones, determined 15 national economic problems, which combined more than
80 complex problems, differentiated in 646 topics. The results obtained confirm that at
the beginning All-Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural Sciences introduced the practice
of active form of scientific gatherings – plenary sessions. During 1931–1932, there were
five plenary sessions with extensive discussions based on heard reports on a specific
issue. The result of the Academy’s plenum work was a number of conceptual decisions
on major production problems.
The researcher proved that the academic scientific-research and organizational
structure actively expanded. It helped clarify the distinct functions of coordinating
workforce and development of the scientific tasks of the network of scientific-research
institutions. Nevertheless, the influence of political factors and regular reorganization
measures in 1934 led to the elimination of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural
Sciences.
There were generalized the scientific achievements of agrarian scholars from
different directions of research case, revealed the features and trends of the evolution of
branch scientific knowledge including theoretical and methodological, socio-political
and socio-economic factors. The active development of agrochemical and soil research
studies aimed at the improvement of agronomic characteristics, efficient use and
restoration of Ukrainian soil fertility has been found. According to the results of soil
studies, there were compiled the agro-soil, geobotanical, soil-agrochemical maps and
ordered the classification and nomenclature of soils of the Ukrainian SSR.
In crop
predominant the direction of genetic and breeding research, attributable to us analyzed
period was strengthening its scientific and methodological basis. First of all, it is about
developing methods for reducing the growing season, assessing frost resistance and
drought tolerance, and introducing new high-yielding varieties of cereals, technical and
special crops. The significant achievements were the creation of varieties of winter
wheat Odeska 3 and Odeska 12, spring barley Odeska 9 and Odeska 14 from the